Method of felting fibrous receptacles having a neck



R. E. HALL 1,962,656 METHOD OF FELTING FIBROUS RECEPTACLES HAVING A NECK June 12, 1934.

Filed Feb. 16, 1931 m! {EA all,

z 6720 Y M I Patented June 12, .1934

METHOD or FELTING rnmous RECEP- mcms HAVING A NECK Ric rd E. Hall, Olean, N. Y., assignor, by'mesne ents,toArvey- A poration of Delaware Ware Corporation, a cor- Application February 16, 1931, Serial No. 516,152

1 Claim. (c1. 92-554) This invention relates to improvements in a process for the felting of fibrous receptacles and .refers specifically to the felting of a fibrous receptacle having a neck-like portion and having a relatively smooth exterior surface.

In the felting of fibrous receptacles, particularly in felting said receptacles upon the inner surface, of a suitable form, wherein .said form is I filled with pulp and fluid pressure applied to the pulp and the liquidcarrier of the pulp is forced through the apparatus in the form depositing the fibers upon the form, it is substantially impossible to felt a receptacle having a neck of substantial proportions. The physical actions which result in this inability to construct a neck are not definitely known but it is speculated that as the pulp enters the form through the neck thereof, said pulp'being under pressure tends to wash away the deposit of fibers upon the neck portion of the-form. This resultsin a fibrous receptacle having a neckof meager proportions relative to the thickness of the fibrous body of the receptacle and often results in abadly mutilated neck which can hardly be recognized as such. l Accordingly my invention is directed to the process of manufacturing of a fibrous receptacle having a relatively smooth exterior surface and provided with a neck having a thickness substantially equal to or even'greater than that of the remaining body portion of the receptacle.

In the drawing, Fig. 1 is avertical elevational view, partly in section, 0! suitable apparatus for carrying out my invention. v c

Fig. 2 is a topgplan view of a form utiliz able in connection with the apparatus shown in Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the product I-my invention. 'Rei'erring in detail to the drawing, 1 indicates a vat or tank whichmay be provided at its upper portion with a vent, 2. A tappet valve may be operatively dispo in said vent and is adapted to close said vent' in an upwardly direction. A

lug .4 may be mounted upon the upper end of shank 5 of the valve 3 to limit the downwardtravel of said .valve. The lower end of the vat 1 may be' provided with a closure 6 whichQif desired, may beadiustable with respect to the height of the tank 1; that is, the volume of said tank may be varied by moving the closure upwardly'or downwardly. I v

It is understood, 01 course, that the drawing 66 herein shown is purely diagrammatic and is not may connect into theireceptacle 14,- and may be intended to showthe detailed construction of the apparatus for carrying out my invention.

A pipe Tmay connect into the tank 1 and may .enter said tankthrough the closure 6. ,A' pipe'aa, v controlled by valve 9, may connectint'o the pipe 30 7 at an intermediate portion thereof. A valve 16 may be interposed in the pipe 7 and is adapted to control the fiow of fibrous pulp 11 through said pipe. The lower endof pipe (may be suitably bent, as shown at 12 and 13, and may con- #5 nect into a felting receptacle|14. x e

The receptacle 14 maybe constructed in -a plurality of separable'portions, saidreceptacle having a lower portion 15 and an upper portion v 16 which may be mounted upon said lower por- 1 tion, as shown best at 17. Itis desirable that the receptacle 14 be maintained air-tight, and to accomplish this result a shoulder or band 18 may be mounted upon the lower edge of the upper portion 16 and may be adapted when said upper 7! portion is positionedgupon the lower portion 15 to over-lap the abutting edges of the upper and lower portion of said receptacle. A pipe 19 connected at its oppositeend to a vacuum pump 30 or the like (not shown). The withdrawal of fluid from the receptacle 14 through the pipe 19 may be controlled by valve 20 interposed in said pipe.

of the upper portion 16 of the receptacle 14 and may serve .as a guide for the stem 22 of tappet valve 23. The valve 23 may be so disposed as to close downwardly.-

To, felt a. fibrous receptacle," such as that shown at 24 in Fig. 3, a form 25 maybe utilized. Said form may be constructed in the plurality of parts or segments 26 which may be adapted to define the lateral walls of'tlie receptacle-24. The base of'the receptacle 24 may be formed or defined by a disc element 27 which maybe op- 'eratively positioned with respect to the ends of the. segments 26. The opposite ends of the segments 26 are discontinuous; that is, they 'do not meet, and said ends may be so formed-that when operatively positioned to form" the 'vase or'receptacle 24, provide an aperture 28- in said vase. 1 The form 25 at this open end may be dis-. tended and may take the shape of an annular, bead 29. Itcan readily be seen that by this, latter construction the neck 30 of the-vase or receptacle 24 may be formed:

The segments 26 and the disc 27 comprising the form 25 may be constructed of any. suitable material 31 which may be impervious to moisno A standard 21 may be mounted upon the top ring 36 supported by brackets 37 mounted upon present the receptacle may also portion.

' travel through pipe gravity, will open and permit a able .pipe 13, producing an agitationwhich washes the excess heavy pulp from the bottom part the screen until-all of the water carrier of the fibrous ma- 2 Suite eposited rial may be apertured, as shown at 32. The

ner surface of all of the segments 26 and disc '27 may be lined with a screen 33.

The form 25 comprising the segments 26 and I within the receptacle paratus somewhat similar to that described for therein as to form a the felting of fibrous receptacles or the like, but in an inverted position; that is, the annular bead 27 of the form 25 will uum,

be disposed at the lower end of the form and disc 27, which is adapted to form the base of I iiocaesc ture, such as a metallic material, and said matefound desirable in the finished product. 0i

incourse, it can be seen that the receptacle must the preferably .be felted in an inverted position, as shown.

Ithas heretofore been proposed to utilize apinstead of utilizing the negative pressure of vaca positive pressure is established within the the'form 25. In other words, as the pulp from the tank 1 passed into the form 25, a fluid, such the vase 24, will be disposed at the upper end asair under pressure, is imposed upon said pulp of the form. The form within the receptacle 14 so that the pipe may connect directly into the interior of form, and the segments comprising may be maintained in assembled position means of a ring supported by in turnare mounted upon the interior of 25 may be positioned and the carrier brackets 35, which companies this 0 of the fibers, comprising the 13 pulp solution, that is, the water is ejected the through the by An inherent feature, which invariably acprocess is that the lower portion the of the resulting vase or fibrous receptacle, formed lower portion 15 of the receptacle 14. An upper is weakened by cracks or fissures which are the upper portion of be provided to maintain the segments 26 assembled position.

In carrying out my invention a pulp solution may be passed throughthe-pipe 8 from a suite 6. from said pipe may able source of supply, a

'Z t' the interior of tank 1. into said tank, the vent escape. When the level of the and will close vent 2.

may be closed and valve mitting pulpll to pass 7 through pipe 7- to the interior of the form 10 may be opened,

The level of the pulp within the tank 1 is there by lowered, and. the valve 3 opens, permitting P u tthe ingress of air into said tank. As the pulp within be compressed and hence valve 23, which maintains its closed position by fills the interior of the form 25, the air the receptacle 14 will release of pressure within the receptacle 14.

The valve'20 in a condition of vacuum oi the fibrous material comprising the pulp whichfis usually water, is withdrawn through screen 33 of the form 25,

.will thereby bedeposited I 33. This action may be carried terial passes through the form, or unt thickness of fibers have been. upon the screen. As the pulp level within form 25 lowers, air may be drawn through tending to compact ,the fibers upon the screen the line 19 may be opened and may be established within this manner the carrier and "through the apertures 32 in the walls of said form. l .can readily be seen that the fibers carried by the water upon the surface of upon the inner surface of said lower in the walls vof the must of necessity fibrous receptacle so formed be made exceptionally thin,

proximately one quarter of an inch. 7

By utilizing my process, a-fibrous receptacle the or vase may I may make large vases which articles are constructed which must of By the use of negative pressure or vacuum,

downwardly by gravity substantially any waste paper stock, such as ,may be utilized successfully,

25. newspaper stock,

thereby decreasing the -cost of the resulting As has been hereinbefore described by the use of positive pressure a neck of desirable ditacle, but by the use of vacuum, in the manner,

the

q of any desired thickness may be produced.

I When a suitable formation of fiberhas been built up upon the screen 33, the upper portion of the receptacle 14 may be raised and the form 25 11, and deposited fibrous vase 24; may be removed, the from the receptacle 14. The form comprising r the-segments 26 and the base 2'7 may the be removed from ,the vase 24 and the vase ma be then subjected to a drying action. of course, it is to, be understood that the vase, instead of being dried subsequent to its removal from the form, may be dried within the form and removed after it reaches a dried state. k 'Inasmuch as the outer surface of the vase is formed adjacentithe inner surface of the form,

the the smooth 'condition'and to finish said surface re- 17, quires a relatively. short period of sanding. The

-smoothed to 'a very fine finish and the surface.

and to remove the moisture or water therefrom;

- thereof will not be pitted. .The reason far this As the level of the pul-p Wlthlmthe form is that the outermost fibers of the vvase lie in .rCd-GS below the level' of the neck-forming planes t nt n parallel to h p of the bead drawn through Vent 2 may 'screen, and hence when the surface of the bubble upwardly through the v7 and the, bubble arising at the surface ofpulp, which 'is at this period adjacent the bead sanding of k 29; will throw rela bend- 13 of the Pipe article is finished, inasmuch as said surface is the free from fibers disposed in a haphazard manner,

ace will not result in the tive y, Small in r m n of tearingof said fibers and the consequent dispulp upon the inner walls of the bead. In this .ruption of the intertwined fibers.

manner an increased deposit of fibers may be. formed at the neck of the receptacle which' is the' s After the surface of the vase has been sandedj 'foraminated surface of. the form the form until all ofthe, water is removed.

To avoid this'disadvantageous feature,

said Walls never exceeding a; thickness of apbe constructed with walls of sub- Upon the initial introduction of pulp stantially any desired thickness. Consequently,

2 will be open, and will permit theair contained within the tank to pulp 11 reaches the valve 3, said valve will be carried upwardly fibrous At this period, valve 9 necessity limit the size of the resulting product.

By the use of positive pressure very frail mensions cannot be produced upon the. recep-Q described, a fibrous ireceptacle having aneck product of my invention maybe sandedand said outer surface may be in a more or less'. 12 g ame maybe treated with or impregnated 15o mouse a wall or base of a receptacle exceeding in thickness one-quarter of an inch.

I claim as my invention: A method.- of making a fibrous receptacle having a neck of substantial thickness which In addition, the treatment with sul-.

pulp solution upwardly under gravity pressure into an enclosed zone, removing the carrier of said solution through the surfaces defining said zone by reducing the pressure external to said comprises, passing a predetermined quantity oi' zone below atmospheric pressure. and thereby lowering the level of pulp within said enclosed zone,. depositing fibres ofsaid solution upon the inner portion of said defining surface and forming a neck of a substantial thickness of deposited fibres at the point of introduction of said pulp into said zone, by causing air to bubble through the final portions of said pulp and thereby throwing increments of pulp upon the neck.

\ RICHARD s HALL,

I no 

